Reading Roman numerals
Roman numerals use seven letters: I, V, X, L, C, D and M, standing for 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500 and 1000.
The subtraction rule
When a smaller symbol comes before a larger one, you subtract. IV is 4, IX is 9, XL is 40 and CM is 900. In every other case you add the values.
Where you still see them
- Copyright years, such as MMXXVI
- Chapter numbers in books
- Clock faces and film sequels
- Names of monarchs and popes
Standard Roman numerals cover 1 to 3999, which is the range this tool supports.
Frequently asked questions
What is 2026 in Roman numerals?
MMXXVI.
Why is there no zero in Roman numerals?
The system was designed for counting and did not have a symbol for zero.
What is the largest number I can convert?
3999, written as MMMCMXCIX, using standard notation.